| Periodicity and Bonding<\/td> | Brief History of the Development of Periodic Tables, Periodic Law and the Modern Periodic Table, Types of Elements: s, p, d, and f Blocks, Periodic Trends (Ionization Energy, Atomic and Ionic Radii, Inert Gas Radii, Electron Affinity, Electronegativity, and Valency.
Nomenclature of Elements with Atomic Number Greater Than 100), Valence Electrons (Ionic Bond – Lattice Energy and Born-Haber Cycle), Covalent Character of Ionic Bonds and Polar Character of Covalent Bonds, Bond Parameters, Molecular Structure (Lewis Picture and Resonance Structures; VSEPR Model and Molecular Shapes), Covalent Bond (Valence Bond Theory – Orbital Overlap, Directionality of Bonds, and Hybridization -s, p, and d Orbitals Only), Resonance, Molecular Orbital Theory (Methodology, Orbital Energy Level Diagram, Bond Order, Magnetic Properties for Homonuclear Diatomic Species – Qualitative Idea Only), Dipole Moments, Hydrogen Bond<\/td><\/tr> |
| Organic Compounds with Functional Groups Containing Oxygen and Nitrogen<\/td> | General (Nomenclature, Electronic Structure, Important Methods of Preparation, Identification, Important Reactions, Physical and Chemical Properties, and Uses of Alcohols, Phenols, Ethers, Aldehydes, Ketones, Carboxylic Acids, Nitro Compounds, Amines, Diazonium Salts, Cyanides, and Isocyanides), Specific (Reactivity of Alpha-Hydrogen in Carbonyl Compounds; Effect of Substituents on Alpha-Carbon on Acid Strength; Comparative Reactivity of Acid Derivatives; Mechanism of Nucleophilic Addition and Dehydration; Basic Character of Amines; Methods of Preparation and Their Separation; Importance of Diazonium Salts in Synthetic Organic Chemistry)<\/td><\/tr> |
| p-block Elements<\/td> | General (Abundance, Distribution, Physical and Chemical Properties, Isolation, and Uses of Elements; Trends in Chemical Reactivity of Elements of a Group; Electronic Configuration, Oxidation States; Anomalous Properties of the First Element of Each Group)Group 13 Elements (Boron; Properties and Uses of Borax, Boric Acid, Boron Hydrides & Halides. Reaction of Aluminum with Acids and Alkalis), Group 14 Elements (Carbon: Carbon Catenation, Physical & Chemical Properties, Uses, Allotropes – Graphite, Diamond, Fullerenes, Oxides, Halides, and Sulphides, Carbides; Silicon: Silica, Silicates, Silicone, Silicon Tetrachloride, Zeolites, and Their Uses), Group 15 Elements (Dinitrogen; Preparation, Reactivity, and Uses of Nitrogen; Industrial and Biological Nitrogen Fixation; Compounds of Nitrogen; Ammonia: Haber\u2019s Process, Properties, and Reactions; Oxides of Nitrogen and Their Structures; Properties and Ostwald\u2019s Process of Nitric Acid Production; Fertilizers \u2013 NPK Type; Production of Phosphorus; Allotropes of Phosphorus; Preparation, Structure, and Properties of Hydrides, Oxides, Oxoacids -Elementary Idea Only, and Halides of Phosphorus, Phosphine), Group 16 Elements (Isolation and Chemical Reactivity of Dioxygen; Acidic, Basic, and Amphoteric Oxides; Preparation, Structure, and Properties of Ozone; Allotropes of Sulphur; Preparation\/Production, Properties, and Uses of Sulphur Dioxide and Sulphuric Acid; Structure and Properties of Oxides, Oxoacids- Structures Only), Group 17 and Group 18 Elements (Structure and Properties of Hydrides, Oxides, Oxoacids of Halogens; Preparation, Properties & Uses of Chlorine & HCl; Interhalogen Compounds; Bleaching Powder; Uses of Group 18 Elements; Preparation, Structure, and Reactions of Xenon Fluorides, Oxides, and Oxoacids)<\/td><\/tr> |
| Atomic Structure<\/td> | Introduction (Subatomic Particles; Atomic Number, Isotopes and Isobars, Thompson\u2019s Model and Its Limitations, Rutherford\u2019s Picture of Atom and Its Limitations; Hydrogen Atom Spectrum and Bohr Model and Its Limitations), Quantum Mechanics (Wave-Particle Duality \u2013 de Broglie Relation, Uncertainty Principle; Hydrogen Atom: Quantum Numbers and Wave Functions, Atomic Orbitals and Their Shapes (s, p, and d), Spin Quantum Number), Many-Electron Atoms(Pauli Exclusion Principle; Aufbau Principle and the Electronic Configuration of Atoms, Hund\u2019s Rule)<\/td><\/tr> |
| Electrochemistry<\/td> | Redox Reactions(Oxidation-Reduction Reactions: Electron Transfer Concept, Oxidation Number, Balancing of Redox Reactions, Electrochemical Cells and Cell Reactions, Standard Electrode Potentials, EMF of Galvanic Cells, Nernst Equation, Factors Affecting Electrode Potential, Gibbs Energy Change and Cell Potential, Secondary Cells, Dry Cells and Fuel Cells, Corrosion and Its Prevention), Electrolytic Conduction (Electrolytic Conductance, Specific and Molar Conductivities, Variation of Conductivity with Concentration, Kohlrausch\u2019s Law and Its Application, Electrolysis, Faraday\u2019s Laws of Electrolysis, Electrode Potential and Electrolysis)<\/td><\/tr> |
| Chemical Thermodynamics<\/td> | Basic Concepts (Systems and Surroundings; State Functions; Intensive and Extensive Properties; Zeroth Law and Temperature), First Law of Thermodynamics (Work, Internal Energy, Heat, Enthalpy, Heat Capacities and Specific Heats, Measurements of \u2206U and \u2206H, Enthalpies of Formation, Phase Transformation, Ionization, Electron Gain; Thermochemistry; Hess\u2019s Law, Enthalpy of Bond Dissociation, Combustion, Atomization, Sublimation, Solution, and Dilution), Second Law (Spontaneous and Reversible Processes; Entropy; Gibbs Free Energy Related to Spontaneity and Non-Spontaneity, Non-Mechanical Work; Standard Free Energies of Formation, Free Energy Change, and Chemical Equilibrium), Third Law (Introduction)<\/td><\/tr> |
| Alkanes, Alkenes and Alkynes<\/td> | Alkanes (Structural Isomerism, General Properties, and Chemical Reactions; Free Radical Halogenation, Combustion, and Pyrolysis), Alkenes and Alkynes (Structure of Double and Triple Bonded Compounds; General Methods of Preparation and Reactions; Physical Properties, Electrophilic and Free Radical Additions; Addition of Hydrogen, Halogen, Water, Hydrogen Halides – Markovnikov\u2019s Addition and Peroxide Effect; Ozonolysis, Oxidation, Mechanism of Electrophilic Addition; Acidic Character of Alkynes and – 1,2 and 1,4, Addition to Dienes)<\/td><\/tr> |
| General Organic Chemistry<\/td> | Classification (General Introduction, Classification Based on Functional Groups, Trivial and IUPAC Nomenclature. Methods of Purification: Qualitative and Quantitative), Electronic Displacement in a Covalent Bond (Inductive, Resonance Effects, and Hyperconjugation; Free Radicals; Carbocations, Carbanions, Nucleophiles, and Electrophiles; Types of Organic Reactions, Free Radical Halogenations)<\/td><\/tr> |
| Solid State<\/td> | Classification, Space Lattices and Crystal Systems, Unit cell in 2D and 3D Lattices, Calculation of Density of Unit Cell (Cubic and Hexagonal Systems), Close packingCrystal Structures (Simple AB and AB2 Type Ionic Crystals, Covalent Crystals \u2013 Diamond and Graphite, Metals, Voids, Number of Atoms per Unit Cell in a Cubic Unit Cell, Imperfections- Point DefectsNon-Stoichiometric CrystalsElectrical, Magnetic, and Dielectric PropertiesAmorphous Solids \u2013 Qualitative Description; Band Theory of Metals, Conductors, Semiconductors, and Insulatorsn- and p-Type Semiconductors<\/td><\/tr> |
| Chemical Kinetics<\/td> | Aspects of Kinetics (Rate and Rate Expression of a Reaction, Rate Constant, Order and Molecularity of the Reaction, Integrated Rate Expressions and Half-life for Zero and First Order Reactions), Factors Affecting the Rate of Reactions (Concentration of the Reactants, Catalyst, Size of Particles, Temperature Dependence of Rate Constant, Concept of Collision Theory – Elementary Idea, No Mathematical Treatment, Activation Energy, Arrhenius Equation), Surface Chemistry (Adsorption: Physisorption and Chemisorption, Factors Affecting Adsorption of Gases on Solids, Catalysis: Homogeneous and Heterogeneous, Activity and Selectivity, Enzyme Catalysis, Colloidal State: Distinction Between True Solutions, Colloids, and Suspensions, Types of Colloids: Lyophilic, Lyophobic, Multimolecular, and Macromolecular Colloids, Properties of Colloids: Tyndall Effect, Brownian Movement, ElectrophoresisCoagulation), Emulsions: Types of Emulsions<\/td><\/tr> |
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