iQuanta has launched a Mini Mock Series covering all the sections of the CLAT exam, these questions have been handpicked by our faculty based on the latest CLAT exam pattern.
Instructions:-
1. Attempt all the questions.
2. Once you have completed all the questions of a particular section click on the submit button for scores and explanations then move to the next sections.
3. For each correct answer, you receive 1 mark. For this mock, there is no negative marking.
English Language
Each set of questions in this section is based on a single passage. Please answer each question on the basis of what is stated or implied in the corresponding passage. In some instances, more than one option may be the answer to the question; in such a case, please choose the option that most accurately and comprehensively answers the question.
Estha lay awake in the darkness, the air heavy with the scent of rain-soaked earth and jasmine. The storm had passed, leaving behind a silence so profound it seemed to hum in his ears. He was ten years old, but his mind was a tangled web of memories, stretching back to a time before the cataclysm, a time when the world still held the promise of wholeness.
He saw Ammu, his mother, dancing in the rain, her laughter a melody woven into the patter of drops. He saw Rahel, his twin sister, her eyes reflecting the mischievous glint of a thousand fireflies. He saw their Paradise Pickles factory, a world of pungent smells and vibrant colours, where stories bloomed like orchids amidst the brine vats.
But then, the tapestry ripped. Ammu’s laughter turned into a choked sob, Rahel’s eyes clouded with unspoken pain, and Paradise Pickles became a mausoleum of lost innocence. The world fractured into shards of memory, each jagged piece a fragment of the life that was a constant reminder of what had been stolen.
Estha, burdened by the weight of his own transgression, the unknowing catalyst of their fall, felt adrift in a sea of guilt and regret. He yearned to rewind time, to grasp at the lost threads, to stitch them back into the fabric of their existence. But the past, like the monsoon storm, had washed away the foundations of their world, leaving behind only ruins and ghosts.
Yet, even amidst the wreckage, a flicker of defiance remained. In the darkness, Estha clutched at a memory, a single shard of light in the abyss: a whisper from his grandmother, Baby Kochamma, about the “unborn things,” the dreams still waiting to be dreamt, the stories yet untold.
He realised then that the past, though irretrievable, could be a bridge, not a barrier. He could carry its weight, not as a burden, but as a seed. He could nurture the “unborn things” within him, the stories that yearned to be born. He could weave a new narrative, not of loss, but of resilience, of love that transcended the boundaries of time and memory.
As the first rays of dawn crept in, painting the sky in soft hues of rose and gold, Estha felt a resolve harden within him. He would mend the broken tapestry, not by denying the cracks, but by stitching them with threads of forgiveness, of acceptance, of the enduring love that bound him to Ammu and Rahel, even in their absence.
The journey would be long and arduous, fraught with ghosts and shadows. But in the quiet dawn light, Estha saw a glimmer of hope, a testament to the human spirit’s ability to rise from the ashes, to find meaning even in the face of loss, to keep weaving stories of love and hope, even in the God of Small Things.
Quantitative Techniques
Logical Reasoning
Directions: Read the passage and answer the following question.
In an era dominated by the digital revolution, the COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated a significant shift in educational methodologies, highlighting the need for a more adaptable, technology-driven approach. This essay examines the complex implications of digital education, considering its potential to transform learning, prepare future generations for the digital economy, enhance environmental sustainability, and address cybersecurity concerns.
The pandemic has exposed the limitations of traditional educational practices, emphasizing the need for a dynamic model. Digital education, leveraging electronic devices and digital media, offers a viable solution. It transcends conventional boundaries, providing a more personalized and engaging learning experience, particularly resonating with tech-savvy younger generations. Digital tools like video games and virtual reality are used to create immersive, interactive learning environments, making education more appealing and flexible than ever before.
Digital education is crucial in aligning with the 21st-century digital economy’s demands. Future jobs, shaped by advancements in artificial intelligence, automation, and digitalization, require a workforce that is adaptable, technologically proficient, and possesses a diverse skill set. Digital education nurtures these competencies, equipping individuals for a constantly evolving job market. It also emphasizes the development of essential soft skills like communication and problem-solving.
Another significant advantage of digital education is its contribution to environmental sustainability. Transitioning to online learning reduces the carbon footprint associated with traditional schooling methods, such as transportation and physical resource usage. Digital platforms offer an eco-friendlier alternative, aiding in greenhouse gas emission reduction and natural resource conservation.
However, the shift to online learning presents challenges, particularly in cybersecurity. The rise in cybercrimes targeting online learners highlights the need for robust security measures and the development of a cyber-awareness culture. Educators, parents, and students must be equipped to safely navigate the digital landscape.
In conclusion, digital education is a transformative force in learning. Its ability to customize education, align with the digital economy’s needs, promote environmental sustainability, and tackle cybersecurity challenges makes it a crucial element in modern educational practices. As society navigates the digital age’s complexities, embracing digital education’s disruptive potential is essential for fostering a resilient, informed, and adaptable populace.
Legal Reasoning
Directions: Read the passage and answer the following question.
Fraud and misrepresentation are pivotal concepts in contract law, often serving as vitiating factors that render a contract voidable. At the heart of these doctrines lies the principle of free consent, whereby parties willingly enter into agreements with full knowledge and understanding of the terms involved. However, when one party deliberately conceals or distorts material facts, exploiting information asymmetry to gain an unfair advantage, the integrity of the contract is compromised. The distinction between fraud and misrepresentation hinges on the presence of fraudulent intent; fraud entails a deliberate deception, while misrepresentation may arise from innocent or negligent falsehoods. Nonetheless, both fraud and misrepresentation must induce the other party to enter into the contract, influencing their decision-making process through deceit or misinformation. Crucially, the misrepresented or fraudulently concealed information must pertain to a material fact central to the contract’s terms, impacting the essence of the agreement and the parties’ obligations therein.
In the realm of contract law, the concept of fraud represents a grave violation of the principles of fairness and transparency. It occurs when one party knowingly makes false statements or conceals vital information with the intent to deceive the other party. This fraudulent intent distinguishes fraud from innocent or negligent misrepresentation, as it demonstrates a willful disregard for the truth in pursuit of unjust enrichment or advantage.
On the other hand, misrepresentation encompasses a broader spectrum of deceptive practices that may not necessarily involve fraudulent intent. It encompasses any false statement or assertion made by one party to induce the other party to enter into a contract. Unlike fraud, misrepresentation may stem from innocent mistakes, negligent omissions, or even reckless disregard for the truth.
Regardless of whether it stems from fraud or misrepresentation, the misrepresented or concealed information must relate to a material fact central to the contract’s terms. Materiality refers to the significance of the misrepresented information in influencing the decisions of the parties involved. In other words, the misrepresented fact must be of such importance that it would likely impact the deceived party’s willingness to enter into the contract or the terms they would agree to. For instance, in a contract for the sale of a business, failing to disclose ongoing litigation against the company constitutes material misrepresentation, as it could significantly affect the value and viability of the business venture.
In conclusion, fraud and misrepresentation serve as potent legal doctrines aimed at preserving the integrity and fairness of contractual agreements. Whether arising from deliberate deceit or innocent error, these practices undermine the principle of free consent by distorting the information available to the parties involved. By requiring a nexus between the misrepresented information and a material fact central to the contract, the law seeks to safeguard against unjust enrichment and ensure that agreements are entered into with full knowledge and understanding of the terms involved.
Current Affairs & General Knowledge
The Asian Development Bank (ADB) has approved a loan of USD [1] million to finance rooftop solar systems in India, aiding the government’s efforts to expand energy access through renewable energy. The ADB announced on Wednesday that this financing will support tranches 2 and 3 of the Multitranche Financing Facility (MFF) Solar Rooftop Investment Program, initially approved by ADB in 2016. In 2023, the program was restructured to focus specifically on deploying residential solar rooftop systems. “India aims to achieve about 50 per cent of cumulative electric power installed capacity from non-fossil fuel energy sources by 2030 in line with its global commitments to reduce carbon emissions. ADB’s financing supports these goals and will contribute to the Prime Minister’s Surya Ghar program, which encourages people to install rooftop solar systems across the country,” said ADB Principal Energy Specialist Kaoru Ogino.
The approved financing will be allocated to the [2] and the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD). These institutions will provide loans to developers and end-users throughout India for the installation of rooftop solar systems.
Specifically, ADB will provide [2] with USD 90.5 million from its Clean Technology Fund (CTF), while NABARD will receive USD 150 million–comprising USD 80 million from ADB’s ordinary capital resources and USD 70 millio .. ADB stated that the installation of rooftop solar systems offers significant benefits to the overall power distribution system. It can reduce the technical and operational burden by generating electricity close to where it is consumed, thereby decreasing the need for long-distance power supply and the associated system losses. This proximity to the point of consumption enhances the efficiency of power distribution and provides a degree of energy independence, minimizing power supply disruptions Moreover, the implementation of rooftop solar systems aligns with India’s broader energy and environmental goals. By increasing the share of renewable energy in the country’s energy mix, India can reduce its reliance on fossil fuels, thereby cutting greenhouse gas emissions and advancing towards its climate commitments.
ADB highlighted that the deployment of these systems also supports the Prime Minister’s Surya Ghar program, which is designed to encourage widespread adoption of rooftop solar installations, contributing to a more sustainable and resilient energy infrastructure across the country.
